How do optoisolators work?

Optoisolators work by using a light-emitting diode (LED) to control the flow of current.

Optoisolators are devices that allow electrical signals to be transmitted between two circuits without any physical connection. They work by using an LED to emit light, which is then detected by a phototransistor or photodiode on the other side of the device. The LED and phototransistor are housed in a single package, with a gap between them that prevents any direct electrical contact.

When a voltage is applied to the LED, it emits light, which is then detected by the phototransistor. This causes the phototransistor to switch on, allowing current to flow through the output circuit. The amount of current that flows through the output circuit is proportional to the amount of light that is detected by the phototransistor.

Optoisolators are commonly used in situations where it is necessary to isolate one circuit from another, such as in power supplies or motor control circuits. They are also used in situations where it is necessary to protect sensitive electronic components from high voltages or electrical noise.

Overall, optoisolators provide a safe and efficient way to transmit electrical signals between two circuits without any physical connection. They are easy to use and provide reliable performance, making them a popular choice for a wide range of applications.