How do polysaccharides function in energy storage and structural support?

Polysaccharides function in energy storage and structural support in organisms.

Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates made up of long chains of monosaccharides. They function in energy storage and structural support in organisms. The two main polysaccharides involved in energy storage are starch and glycogen. Starch is found in plants and is made up of glucose molecules. It is stored in the form of granules in plant cells and can be broken down into glucose for energy when needed. Glycogen is found in animals and is also made up of glucose molecules. It is stored in the liver and muscles and can be broken down into glucose for energy during exercise or fasting.

Polysaccharides also provide structural support in organisms. The main polysaccharide involved in structural support is cellulose. Cellulose is found in the cell walls of plants and is made up of glucose molecules. It provides rigidity and strength to plant cells, allowing them to maintain their shape and resist external forces. Chitin is another polysaccharide that provides structural support in organisms. It is found in the exoskeletons of arthropods and the cell walls of fungi. Chitin is made up of N-acetylglucosamine molecules and provides strength and protection to these organisms.

In conclusion, polysaccharides play important roles in energy storage and structural support in organisms. Starch and glycogen are involved in energy storage, while cellulose and chitin provide structural support. Understanding the functions of polysaccharides is crucial in understanding the biology of organisms.