What are the differences between antigens and antibodies?

Antigens and antibodies are two important components of the immune system. Antigens are foreign substances that trigger an immune response, while antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system in response to antigens.

Antigens can be any substance that is foreign to the body, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or even cancer cells. When an antigen enters the body, it is recognized by the immune system as foreign, and triggers an immune response. This response involves the activation of immune cells, such as T cells and B cells, which work together to eliminate the antigen.

Antibodies, on the other hand, are proteins produced by B cells in response to antigens. Each antibody is specific to a particular antigen, and works by binding to the antigen and marking it for destruction by other immune cells. Antibodies can also neutralize toxins produced by bacteria and viruses, and can activate complement proteins that help to destroy pathogens.

In summary, antigens are foreign substances that trigger an immune response, while antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system in response to antigens. Together, they form a complex system that helps to protect the body from infection and disease.