What is the difference between a genome and proteome?

A genome is the complete set of an organism's DNA, while a proteome is the complete set of an organism's proteins.

The genome is the complete set of an organism's DNA, including all of its genes and non-coding sequences. It is the blueprint for the organism's development and function. The genome is made up of four nucleotide bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. The order of these bases determines the genetic code that is used to produce proteins.

The proteome, on the other hand, is the complete set of an organism's proteins. Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, performing a wide variety of functions, including catalysing chemical reactions, transporting molecules, and providing structural support. The proteome is much more complex than the genome, as it includes all of the different proteins that are produced by an organism's cells, tissues, and organs.

While the genome provides the instructions for building proteins, it is the proteome that actually carries out the functions of the cell. The proteome is constantly changing in response to environmental cues and developmental signals, and it is highly dynamic. Understanding the proteome is essential for understanding how cells and organisms function, and it is a major focus of modern biology research.