What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Haploid cells have one set of chromosomes, while diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes.

Haploid cells contain only one set of chromosomes, meaning they have half the number of chromosomes as diploid cells. These cells are typically found in gametes, such as sperm and eggs, and are produced through a process called meiosis. During meiosis, the parent cell undergoes two rounds of cell division, resulting in four haploid daughter cells.

Diploid cells, on the other hand, contain two sets of chromosomes, one set inherited from each parent. These cells are found in most somatic cells in the body, such as skin cells and muscle cells, and are produced through a process called mitosis. During mitosis, the parent cell undergoes one round of cell division, resulting in two identical diploid daughter cells.

The difference between haploid and diploid cells is important for understanding the process of sexual reproduction. When a haploid sperm fertilizes a haploid egg, the resulting zygote is diploid, containing one set of chromosomes from each parent. This ensures that the offspring will have a combination of genetic material from both parents, leading to genetic diversity.