Describe the differences between the effect of concentration and temperature on equilibrium.

Concentration and temperature have different effects on equilibrium.

Concentration is the amount of a substance in a given volume. When the concentration of a reactant is increased, the equilibrium shifts to the right to use up the excess reactant. Conversely, when the concentration of a product is increased, the equilibrium shifts to the left to produce more reactants. This is known as Le Chatelier's principle.

Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance. When the temperature is increased, the equilibrium shifts in the endothermic direction to absorb the excess heat. Conversely, when the temperature is decreased, the equilibrium shifts in the exothermic direction to produce more heat. This is also known as Le Chatelier's principle.

The effect of concentration on equilibrium is dependent on the stoichiometry of the reaction. If a reactant is in excess, increasing its concentration will not have a significant effect on the equilibrium. However, if a reactant is limiting, increasing its concentration will increase the rate of the reaction and shift the equilibrium to the right.

The effect of temperature on equilibrium is dependent on the enthalpy change of the reaction. If the reaction is exothermic, increasing the temperature will shift the equilibrium to the left, as the reaction will absorb the excess heat. Conversely, if the reaction is endothermic, increasing the temperature will shift the equilibrium to the right, as the reaction will require more heat to proceed.

In summary, concentration and temperature have different effects on equilibrium, with concentration affecting the stoichiometry of the reaction and temperature affecting the enthalpy change of the reaction.