Provide an example of qualitative and quantitative organic analysis.

Qualitative organic analysis involves identifying the functional groups present in a compound.

Qualitative organic analysis involves identifying the functional groups present in a compound. This can be done through a variety of tests, such as the bromine water test for alkenes, the silver nitrate test for halides, and the Fehling's test for reducing sugars. These tests involve adding a reagent to the compound and observing any colour changes or precipitates that form. By comparing the results to known standards, the functional groups present in the compound can be identified.

Quantitative organic analysis involves determining the amount of a particular compound present in a sample. This can be done through techniques such as chromatography and spectrophotometry. Chromatography separates the components of a mixture based on their physical and chemical properties, while spectrophotometry measures the amount of light absorbed by a compound at a particular wavelength. By comparing the results to known standards, the amount of the compound present in the sample can be determined.

An example of qualitative organic analysis would be identifying the functional groups present in an unknown compound using a series of tests. An example of quantitative organic analysis would be determining the amount of caffeine present in a sample of coffee using chromatography or spectrophotometry. Both qualitative and quantitative organic analysis are important tools in the study of organic chemistry.