Provide an example of the anti-Markovnikov and Markovnikov addition.

An example of anti-Markovnikov addition is the reaction between HBr and propene in the presence of peroxides.

Anti-Markovnikov and Markovnikov additions are two types of electrophilic addition reactions in organic chemistry. In a Markovnikov addition, the electrophile (usually a hydrogen halide) adds to the carbon atom that has the most hydrogen atoms attached to it, resulting in the formation of a more stable carbocation intermediate. The halide ion then adds to the carbocation to form the final product.

In contrast, in an anti-Markovnikov addition, the electrophile adds to the carbon atom that has the least hydrogen atoms attached to it. This results in the formation of a less stable carbocation intermediate, which is then stabilized by the presence of radical initiators such as peroxides. The radical initiators generate free radicals that abstract a hydrogen atom from the alkene, leading to the formation of a radical intermediate. The halide ion then adds to the radical intermediate to form the final product.

An example of anti-Markovnikov addition is the reaction between HBr and propene in the presence of peroxides. The reaction proceeds via the formation of a radical intermediate, which is then attacked by the halide ion to form 2-bromopropane. This reaction is important in the synthesis of alcohols, as it allows for the conversion of alkenes to alcohols in a single step.