What are the properties of metals and how do they differ from non-metals?

Metals have unique properties that distinguish them from non-metals.

Metals are elements that are typically shiny, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. They have a high melting and boiling point and are solid at room temperature, except for mercury, which is a liquid. Metals are also able to lose electrons easily, making them good reducing agents.

Non-metals, on the other hand, are elements that lack the properties of metals. They are typically dull, brittle, and poor conductors of heat and electricity. Non-metals have low melting and boiling points and can exist in all three states of matter at room temperature. They are also able to gain electrons easily, making them good oxidizing agents.

One of the main differences between metals and non-metals is their electron configuration. Metals have a few electrons in their outermost shell, which they readily lose to form positively charged ions. Non-metals, on the other hand, have almost a full outermost shell, which they readily gain electrons to form negatively charged ions.

Another difference between metals and non-metals is their reactivity. Metals are generally more reactive than non-metals, as they readily lose electrons to form positive ions. Non-metals, on the other hand, are generally less reactive, as they readily gain electrons to form negative ions.

In conclusion, metals and non-metals have distinct properties that set them apart from each other. Understanding these properties is essential in the study of chemistry and biology.