How does an embedded compiler work?

An embedded compiler translates high-level programming language into machine code for a specific embedded system.

An embedded compiler is a crucial tool in embedded systems development. It is a type of compiler that translates high-level programming language, such as C or C++, into machine code that can be executed by a specific embedded system. This machine code is typically optimised for the specific hardware of the embedded system, which can range from microcontrollers to complex system-on-chips.

The process begins with the developer writing the source code in a high-level language. This code is then passed to the embedded compiler, which analyses the code and translates it into machine code. This process is known as compilation. The compiler checks the syntax of the code, ensures it adheres to the rules of the programming language, and flags any errors for the developer to correct.

The embedded compiler also optimises the code for the specific hardware of the embedded system. This is a crucial step, as embedded systems often have limited resources, such as memory and processing power. The compiler may optimise the code to reduce its size, improve its execution speed, or minimise its power consumption. This is achieved through various techniques, such as loop unrolling, function inlining, and dead code elimination.

Once the code has been compiled and optimised, it is then linked with any necessary libraries or other code modules. The linker, which is often part of the compiler, combines these different pieces of code into a single executable file. This file can then be loaded onto the embedded system and executed.

In summary, an embedded compiler is a vital tool in the development of embedded systems. It translates high-level programming language into machine code, optimises the code for the specific hardware, and links the code with any necessary libraries or modules. The result is an executable file that can be run on the embedded system, enabling it to perform its intended function.