What's the difference between static and dynamic RAM?

Static RAM (SRAM) retains data bits in its memory as long as power is being supplied, while Dynamic RAM (DRAM) needs to be periodically refreshed.

SRAM and DRAM are two types of Random Access Memory (RAM) used in computing systems. They differ in technology, speed, cost, and application.

SRAM uses flip-flop circuitry to store each bit, which means it retains the data as long as the power supply is maintained. This makes it faster and more reliable, but also more expensive due to the complexity of the circuitry. Each SRAM cell consists of six transistors, which makes it larger and more power-consuming. However, its speed and reliability make it ideal for cache memory in processors, where speed is crucial. For more on how SRAM is utilised in cache memory, see Cache Memory.

On the other hand, DRAM stores each bit in a separate capacitor within an integrated circuit. The level of charge in the capacitor represents the binary information of the bit. However, capacitors leak charge, and the information eventually fades unless the capacitor charge is refreshed periodically. This refreshing process slows down the DRAM. But, DRAM cells are simpler, each consisting of one capacitor and one transistor, making them smaller and less expensive to produce. This is why DRAM is commonly used for the main memory in computers, where large amounts of affordable memory are required. To understand more about how these components are integrated into computing systems, see Computer System Components.

A-Level Computer Science Tutor Summary: SRAM retains data as long as it has power and is faster but more expensive, making it ideal for cache memory. DRAM needs periodic refreshing, is slower, but cheaper and can store more data, making it suitable for main memory. Understanding these differences helps in knowing how computers manage and store information.

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