How does nuclear fission occur?

Nuclear fission occurs when a heavy nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei.

Nuclear fission is a process in which a heavy nucleus, such as uranium-235, is bombarded with a neutron, causing it to split into two smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy in the process. This energy is released in the form of kinetic energy of the two smaller nuclei, as well as in the form of gamma rays and other particles.

The energy released during nuclear fission can be harnessed to produce electricity in nuclear power plants. The process involves controlling the rate of fission reactions by using control rods to absorb excess neutrons and prevent the reactor from overheating. The heat generated by the fission reactions is used to produce steam, which drives turbines to generate electricity.

Nuclear fission can also occur spontaneously in certain isotopes, such as uranium-238, but the rate of spontaneous fission is very low. In nuclear weapons, fission reactions are used to create a chain reaction, in which each fission reaction releases more neutrons, leading to a rapid release of energy and a nuclear explosion.

Overall, nuclear fission is a powerful process that can be harnessed for peaceful purposes, such as generating electricity, but also has the potential for destructive use in nuclear weapons.