What are the effects of ionizing radiation on living tissue?

Ionizing radiation can cause damage to living tissue, leading to various harmful effects.

When ionizing radiation interacts with living tissue, it can cause ionization of atoms and molecules, leading to the formation of free radicals. These free radicals can then react with other molecules in the body, causing damage to DNA, proteins, and other cellular components. This damage can lead to mutations, cell death, and tissue damage.

The effects of ionizing radiation on living tissue depend on a number of factors, including the type of radiation, the dose, and the duration of exposure. High doses of ionizing radiation can cause acute radiation sickness, which can lead to nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and even death. Chronic exposure to lower doses of ionizing radiation can increase the risk of cancer and other diseases.

In addition to its harmful effects on living tissue, ionizing radiation can also be used for beneficial purposes, such as in medical imaging and cancer treatment. However, it is important to use ionizing radiation safely and responsibly, and to minimize exposure to protect both patients and healthcare workers.