How do AND, OR, and NOT operators differ?

AND, OR, and NOT operators are logical operators used in programming that differ in their functionality and results.

The AND operator, often represented as && in many programming languages, is a binary operator that requires two operands. It returns true if both operands are true and false otherwise. For example, if we have two conditions A and B, the result of A AND B will be true only if both A and B are true. If either A or B or both are false, the result will be false. This operator is commonly used in control structures like if, while, and for to combine multiple conditions.

The OR operator, often represented as ||, is also a binary operator that requires two operands. It returns true if at least one of the operands is true and false otherwise. In the case of A OR B, the result will be true if either A or B or both are true. If both A and B are false, the result will be false. This operator is useful when you want to check if at least one of several conditions is met.

The NOT operator, often represented as !, is a unary operator that requires only one operand. It inverts the value of the operand. If the operand is true, the NOT operator will return false, and if the operand is false, the NOT operator will return true. This operator is often used to reverse the logic of a condition.

In summary, AND, OR, and NOT operators are fundamental tools in programming that allow us to control the flow of our programs based on certain conditions. They are used to combine or invert conditions, and their functionality is based on the principles of Boolean logic. Understanding how these operators work is crucial for writing efficient and effective code.