How does iron deficiency affect the body?

Iron deficiency can lead to anaemia, causing fatigue, weakness, and impaired immune function.

Iron is a crucial element in the human body, playing a vital role in various physiological processes. It is a key component of haemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. When iron levels are low, the body can't produce enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen, leading to iron deficiency anaemia.

Symptoms of iron deficiency anaemia include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, chest pain, dizziness, cognitive problems, cold hands and feet, and headache. These symptoms occur because the body's organs aren't getting what they need to function properly.

Iron also plays a significant role in supporting the immune system. It is involved in the production of lymphocytes and macrophages, which are key components of the immune system. A deficiency in iron can impair the immune system, making the body more susceptible to infections and diseases.

Moreover, iron is essential for cognitive function. It is involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, which are chemicals that transmit signals in the brain. Iron deficiency can lead to cognitive impairments, affecting memory, attention, and learning abilities.

Iron deficiency can also have serious implications for pregnant women and children. In pregnant women, it can lead to premature birth and low birth weight. In children, iron deficiency can affect growth and development, and can lead to learning and behavioural problems.

In summary, iron deficiency can have wide-ranging effects on the body, impacting everything from energy levels and cognitive function to immune response and growth. It is therefore crucial to maintain adequate iron levels through a balanced diet or, if necessary, through iron supplements.