What is the difference between over-the-counter and prescription drugs?

Over-the-counter drugs can be bought without a prescription, while prescription drugs require a doctor's authorisation.

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are medications that can be purchased without a prescription from a healthcare professional. These drugs are considered safe and effective for use by the general public without needing direct supervision from a healthcare provider. They are typically used for common, minor health issues such as colds, allergies, or pain relief. OTC drugs are usually available on open shelves in pharmacies, supermarkets, and even online. They are regulated by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) in the UK, which ensures they are safe for public consumption.

On the other hand, prescription drugs are medications that require a written instruction from a licensed healthcare professional before they can be obtained. These drugs are typically stronger and used for more serious or chronic conditions, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, or mental health disorders. Prescription drugs can potentially cause serious side effects if not used correctly, hence the need for a healthcare professional's supervision. They are also regulated by the MHRA, but their distribution is more controlled.

The main difference between these two types of drugs lies in their accessibility and the level of supervision required for their use. OTC drugs are more accessible and can be used without professional supervision, while prescription drugs require a healthcare professional's authorisation and supervision due to their potential risks and the seriousness of the conditions they are used to treat. It's important to note that even though OTC drugs are more easily accessible, they should still be used responsibly and according to their instructions to avoid potential health risks.