Why are some transition metals precious metals?

Some transition metals are precious metals due to their rarity, resistance to corrosion, and unique physical properties.

Transition metals are a group of elements found in the middle of the periodic table. They include both common metals like iron and copper, and precious metals such as gold, silver, and platinum. The term 'precious metals' is often used to describe metals that are rare and have high economic value.

The reason why some transition metals are considered precious is largely due to their rarity. Precious metals are less abundant in the Earth's crust compared to other metals. For example, gold is estimated to make up only 0.003 parts per million of the Earth's crust. This scarcity contributes to their high value.

Another key characteristic of precious metals is their resistance to corrosion and tarnish. This is due to the stability of their outer electron shell. For instance, gold and platinum are highly resistant to oxidation and other chemical reactions that could degrade them. This makes them ideal for use in jewellery and other applications where durability and longevity are important.

Furthermore, precious metals often have unique physical properties that make them desirable. Gold, for example, is highly malleable and ductile, meaning it can be shaped into intricate designs without breaking. Silver is the best conductor of electricity of all elements, making it valuable in electronic devices.

In summary, some transition metals are precious metals due to a combination of factors including their rarity, resistance to corrosion, and unique physical properties. These characteristics make them highly sought after for a range of applications, from jewellery to electronics, contributing to their status as 'precious'.