How did Stalin consolidate his power after Lenin's death?

Stalin consolidated his power after Lenin's death through political manoeuvring, purges, propaganda, and the establishment of a personal dictatorship.

After Lenin's death in 1924, Stalin began his rise to power by strategically positioning himself within the Soviet Union's political structure. He was initially appointed as the General Secretary of the Communist Party, a role that was considered insignificant at the time. However, Stalin used this position to appoint his allies to key positions, thereby creating a loyal power base. He also manipulated party rules and procedures to his advantage, ensuring his decisions were ratified and opposition was marginalised.

Stalin's consolidation of power was also marked by a series of purges, known as the Great Purge, from 1936 to 1938. These purges were aimed at eliminating potential threats and opposition within the Communist Party, the military, and the intelligentsia. Thousands were executed or sent to labour camps, instilling fear and ensuring obedience among the remaining party members and the wider Soviet population.

Propaganda played a crucial role in Stalin's consolidation of power. He controlled the media and education, ensuring that he was portrayed positively and his policies were presented as successful. This propaganda campaign also involved the creation of a personality cult around Stalin, presenting him as a wise and infallible leader. This not only increased his popularity among the Soviet people but also further marginalised any opposition.

Finally, Stalin established a personal dictatorship, transforming the Soviet Union from a collective leadership to a system where all power was concentrated in his hands. He did this by gradually eroding the powers of other institutions and party members, ensuring that all decisions were made by him or under his direct control. This allowed him to implement his policies without opposition and ensured his absolute control over the Soviet Union.

In conclusion, Stalin's consolidation of power after Lenin's death was a complex process involving political manoeuvring, purges, propaganda, and the establishment of a personal dictatorship. Through these methods, he was able to eliminate opposition, control public opinion, and centralise power, ensuring his unchallenged rule over the Soviet Union.