How does moral reasoning change during adolescence?

During adolescence, moral reasoning becomes more abstract and less focused on authority figures.

As children enter adolescence, they begin to develop a more complex understanding of morality. They start to question rules and authority figures, and instead rely more on their own moral reasoning. This shift is known as the transition from a heteronomous to an autonomous moral perspective.

According to Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development, adolescents typically reach the third level of moral reasoning, known as the conventional level. At this stage, they base their moral judgments on societal norms and expectations, rather than on concrete rules or punishments. They also begin to consider the perspectives of others and the potential impact of their actions on others.

As adolescents continue to mature, they may progress to Kohlberg's fourth level of moral reasoning, known as the post-conventional level. At this stage, individuals develop their own moral principles and values, which may differ from societal norms. They are able to consider abstract ethical principles, such as justice and human rights, and make moral decisions based on these principles rather than on personal gain or social pressure.

Overall, moral reasoning becomes more nuanced and complex during adolescence, as individuals develop their own moral identity and begin to think critically about the world around them.