What are some common biases in problem solving?

Common biases in problem solving include confirmation bias, availability heuristic, and anchoring bias.

Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for information that confirms our pre-existing beliefs and ignore information that contradicts them. This can lead to a narrow-minded approach to problem solving and limit the exploration of alternative solutions.

Availability heuristic is the tendency to rely on easily accessible information when making decisions. This can lead to overestimating the likelihood of events that are more memorable or vivid, and underestimating the likelihood of events that are less salient.

Anchoring bias is the tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information encountered when making decisions. This can lead to an over-reliance on initial impressions and a failure to consider alternative options.

Other common biases in problem solving include framing effects, sunk cost fallacy, and overconfidence bias. Framing effects refer to the way in which information is presented and can influence decision making. Sunk cost fallacy is the tendency to continue investing in a project or decision despite evidence suggesting it is not working. Overconfidence bias is the tendency to overestimate our abilities and the accuracy of our judgments.

Being aware of these biases can help individuals approach problem solving in a more objective and effective manner. It is important to actively seek out alternative perspectives and information, challenge assumptions, and consider multiple options before making a decision.