Did any Latin American countries experience direct conflict during WWII?

No, no Latin American countries experienced direct conflict during WWII.

During the Second World War, Latin America was largely spared from the direct conflict that ravaged Europe, Asia, and North Africa. This was primarily due to the geographical distance from the main theatres of war. However, this does not mean that the region was completely unaffected by the global conflict.

At the outbreak of the war, most Latin American countries declared neutrality. However, as the war progressed, many of these countries, under pressure from the United States, severed diplomatic relations with the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan). Eventually, several Latin American countries would join the Allies, contributing resources and manpower to the war effort. Brazil, for instance, sent an expeditionary force to fight in the Italian Campaign.

Despite the lack of direct conflict, the war had significant impacts on the region. Economically, Latin America benefited from increased demand for its raw materials and agricultural products. This led to a period of economic growth and industrialisation, particularly in countries like Argentina and Brazil.

Politically, the war also had profound effects. The United States' focus on the war in Europe and Asia allowed for a degree of autonomy in Latin America, leading to the rise of populist leaders like Juan Perón in Argentina. However, the end of the war and the onset of the Cold War saw the United States reassert its influence in the region, leading to a period of political instability and conflict.

In terms of societal impact, the war led to changes in immigration patterns, with many Europeans, particularly Jews fleeing the Holocaust, seeking refuge in Latin American countries. This had lasting effects on the cultural and demographic makeup of the region.

In conclusion, while Latin America did not experience direct conflict during WWII, the war had significant economic, political, and societal impacts on the region.