How did Australia’s relationship with Asia change post-1945?

Post-1945, Australia's relationship with Asia shifted from isolation to engagement, marked by increased trade, diplomacy, and cultural exchange.

In the immediate aftermath of World War II, Australia's relationship with Asia was largely defined by a sense of isolation and fear. The 'White Australia' policy, which restricted non-European immigration, was still in effect, reflecting a broader societal anxiety about Asian influence. However, the geopolitical realities of the post-war world, particularly the rise of communism in China and the Korean War, necessitated a re-evaluation of Australia's stance towards its Asian neighbours.

The 1950s and 1960s saw a gradual shift in Australia's foreign policy. The Menzies government recognised the strategic importance of Asia and began to foster diplomatic relations with Asian countries. Australia's involvement in the Korean War and later the Vietnam War signalled a commitment to regional security. However, these military engagements were also indicative of Australia's continued reliance on Western allies, particularly the United States, for its defence.

The most significant change in Australia's relationship with Asia came in the 1970s under the Whitlam government. The 'White Australia' policy was officially abolished in 1973, paving the way for increased Asian immigration. Whitlam also sought to establish diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China, a move that was seen as a major shift in Australia's foreign policy.

From the 1980s onwards, economic considerations became increasingly important in shaping Australia's relationship with Asia. The economic rise of countries like Japan, South Korea, and later China, made them important trading partners for Australia. This economic engagement was accompanied by a growing cultural exchange, as Asian immigrants and their descendants became an integral part of Australian society.

In the post-1945 period, Australia's relationship with Asia has been characterised by a gradual shift from isolation to engagement. This change has been driven by a combination of strategic, economic, and cultural factors. While Australia's relationship with Asia has not been without its challenges, it has evolved significantly from the fear and isolation of the immediate post-war years.