How did the ‘Abbasids influence later Islamic governance and culture?

The ‘Abbasids influenced later Islamic governance and culture through their administrative systems, intellectual pursuits, and cultural synthesis.

The ‘Abbasids, who ruled from 750 to 1258 CE, established a form of governance that was later adopted by many Islamic states. They developed a bureaucratic system that was highly centralised, with the Caliph at the top, followed by viziers, governors, and other officials. This system allowed for efficient administration of the vast empire, and was later emulated by subsequent Islamic states. The ‘Abbasids also introduced the concept of a consultative assembly, or 'Shura', which was a council of scholars and advisors to the Caliph. This concept of consultation and consensus in governance is still prevalent in many Islamic societies today.

In terms of culture, the ‘Abbasids were known for their patronage of the arts and sciences. They established the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, which became a centre for the translation of Greek and Persian works into Arabic. This led to a flourishing of intellectual pursuits, including philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. The ‘Abbasids' emphasis on knowledge and learning greatly influenced later Islamic culture, and is reflected in the high value placed on education in many Islamic societies today.

The ‘Abbasids also played a significant role in the synthesis of various cultures. Their empire was a melting pot of different ethnicities and cultures, including Persians, Arabs, Turks, and others. They adopted and adapted elements from these cultures, creating a unique ‘Abbasid culture that was a blend of Arab, Persian, and Hellenistic traditions. This cultural synthesis had a lasting impact on Islamic culture, contributing to its richness and diversity.

Furthermore, the ‘Abbasids' religious policies also had a significant influence. They promoted a more inclusive form of Islam, which was less Arab-centric and more universal. This helped to spread Islam to non-Arab populations within the empire, and set a precedent for the inclusive nature of Islam in later periods.

In conclusion, the ‘Abbasids' influence on later Islamic governance and culture was profound and far-reaching. Their administrative systems, intellectual pursuits, cultural synthesis, and religious policies all left a lasting legacy that continues to shape Islamic societies today.