How did the Arab-Israeli conflict evolve post-1945?

Post-1945, the Arab-Israeli conflict evolved through a series of wars, political tensions, and peace processes, marked by fluctuating regional alliances and international involvement.

The Arab-Israeli conflict, post-1945, was characterised by a series of wars, political tensions, and peace processes. The 1948 Arab-Israeli War, also known as the War of Independence or Nakba, was the first significant conflict. It began after the United Nations proposed the partition of Palestine into Jewish and Arab states in 1947. The Arab nations rejected the plan, leading to a war that resulted in an Israeli victory and the displacement of a significant number of Palestinians.

The Suez Crisis of 1956 was another key event. It was triggered by the nationalisation of the Suez Canal by Egypt's President Gamal Abdel Nasser. Israel, along with Britain and France, invaded Egypt in response. Although they were militarily successful, international pressure, particularly from the United States and the Soviet Union, forced them to withdraw.

The Six-Day War in 1967 was a pivotal moment in the conflict. Israel launched a pre-emptive strike against Egypt, Jordan, and Syria, capturing the Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip, West Bank, East Jerusalem, and Golan Heights. This significantly altered the geographical and political landscape of the region.

The 1973 Yom Kippur War saw Egypt and Syria launch a surprise attack on Israel on the holiest day in the Jewish calendar. Despite initial Arab successes, Israel managed to repel the attack and even advance into Egyptian and Syrian territory. This war led to a shift in the dynamics of the conflict, with the United States becoming more actively involved in mediating peace.

The peace processes, such as the Camp David Accords (1978) and the Oslo Accords (1993), marked significant attempts to resolve the conflict. The Camp David Accords led to the Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty, the first peace treaty between Israel and an Arab state. The Oslo Accords, on the other hand, established a framework for future negotiations and led to mutual recognition between the Palestine Liberation Organisation and Israel.

However, these peace processes have not resolved the conflict entirely. Issues such as the status of Jerusalem, Israeli settlements in the West Bank, and the right of return for Palestinian refugees remain contentious. The conflict has also been marked by fluctuating regional alliances and international involvement, with the United States, Soviet Union/Russia, and various European and