How did the Mughal Empire expand under Akbar's reign?

Under Akbar's reign, the Mughal Empire expanded through a combination of military conquests, diplomatic alliances, and administrative reforms.

Akbar, who reigned from 1556 to 1605, is often considered one of the greatest rulers of the Mughal Empire. His reign marked a period of significant expansion, which was achieved through a combination of military conquests, diplomatic alliances, and administrative reforms.

Akbar's military conquests were a key factor in the expansion of the Mughal Empire. He inherited a small kingdom from his father, Humayun, but through a series of successful military campaigns, he was able to significantly expand the empire's territory. He conquered the Rajput kingdoms of Rajasthan, the fortress of Ranthambore, and the powerful kingdom of Gujarat. He also extended Mughal rule into the Deccan region, conquering parts of what is now Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh.

However, Akbar's expansion was not solely achieved through military means. He also pursued a policy of diplomatic alliances, particularly with the Rajput kingdoms. He married Rajput princesses, incorporated Rajput warriors into his army, and appointed Rajput princes to high-ranking positions in his administration. This policy not only helped to secure the loyalty of the Rajputs, but also facilitated the integration of their territories into the Mughal Empire.

In addition to his military and diplomatic strategies, Akbar implemented a series of administrative reforms that helped to consolidate and expand his empire. He introduced a new system of land revenue, known as the 'mansabdari' system, which helped to ensure a steady income for the empire and incentivised loyalty among his officials. He also promoted religious tolerance, which helped to maintain peace and stability within his diverse empire.

In conclusion, Akbar's reign marked a period of significant expansion for the Mughal Empire. This was achieved through a combination of military conquests, diplomatic alliances, and administrative reforms. His strategies not only expanded the empire's territory, but also helped to consolidate his rule and maintain stability within his diverse realm.