How did the Russo-Turkish War affect Ottoman dominance?

The Russo-Turkish War significantly weakened Ottoman dominance, leading to territorial losses and political instability.

The Russo-Turkish War, which took place from 1877 to 1878, had a profound impact on the Ottoman Empire, marking a significant decline in its dominance. The war resulted in a decisive victory for Russia, which led to substantial territorial losses for the Ottomans. The Treaty of San Stefano, signed at the end of the war, forced the Ottoman Empire to cede significant territories in the Balkans to Russia and its allies. This included the loss of Bulgaria, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia, which were granted independence, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, which were given to Austria-Hungary to administer.

The war also had significant political implications for the Ottoman Empire. The defeat exposed the weaknesses of the Ottoman military and the inefficiencies of its administrative system, leading to political instability. The empire's inability to defend its territories and maintain its sovereignty led to a loss of confidence among its subjects, further undermining its authority. The war also exacerbated the financial crisis that the empire was already facing, leading to economic instability.

Furthermore, the war and its aftermath led to a shift in the balance of power in Europe. The territorial gains made by Russia and its allies at the expense of the Ottoman Empire alarmed the other great powers of Europe, particularly Britain and Austria-Hungary. This led to the Congress of Berlin in 1878, which revised the Treaty of San Stefano and limited Russia's gains. However, the Congress of Berlin also confirmed the loss of Ottoman territories in the Balkans, further weakening the empire's position.

In conclusion, the Russo-Turkish War had a profound impact on the Ottoman Empire, leading to significant territorial losses and political instability. The war marked a significant decline in Ottoman dominance and led to a shift in the balance of power in Europe.