In what ways did European art influence African art?

European art influenced African art through the introduction of new techniques, materials, and themes during the colonial period.

The colonial period marked a significant turning point in the history of African art. European colonisers brought with them new artistic techniques and materials that had a profound impact on African art. For instance, the introduction of oil painting and bronze casting offered African artists new ways to express their creativity. These techniques were not only adopted but also adapted to fit the African context, resulting in a unique fusion of European and African artistic styles.

Moreover, European art introduced new themes and subjects into African art. Prior to the colonial period, African art was largely focused on religious and social themes. However, the influence of European art led to the incorporation of secular themes, such as landscapes, portraits, and still life. This shift in thematic focus broadened the scope of African art and allowed for greater artistic exploration and expression.

European art also influenced the way African art was perceived and valued. Before the colonial period, African art was often seen as functional rather than aesthetic. However, the European concept of art for art's sake challenged this perception. As a result, African artists began to create works that were intended to be appreciated for their beauty and craftsmanship, rather than their utilitarian function.

Furthermore, the influence of European art led to the development of new art forms in Africa. For example, the introduction of photography and film by European colonisers opened up new avenues for artistic expression. African artists embraced these new mediums and used them to document their cultures, histories, and experiences in innovative ways.

In conclusion, the influence of European art on African art was multifaceted. It introduced new techniques, materials, and themes, challenged existing perceptions of art, and led to the development of new art forms. Despite the often oppressive circumstances of the colonial period, African artists were able to adapt and innovate, creating a rich and diverse body of work that continues to evolve today.