What role did New Zealand play in World War I?

New Zealand contributed significantly to World War I, providing troops and resources to the Allied forces.

New Zealand, as part of the British Empire, was automatically involved in World War I when Britain declared war on Germany in August 1914. The country's contribution was substantial, with over 100,000 men, nearly 10% of the country's population, enlisting in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force (NZEF). This force served in various theatres of the war, including Gallipoli, the Middle East, and the Western Front.

The Gallipoli campaign was particularly significant for New Zealand. The NZEF, alongside Australian forces, landed at Gallipoli in April 1915, aiming to open a sea route to Russia and knock the Ottoman Empire out of the war. The campaign was a failure, with heavy casualties and no strategic gains. However, it had a profound impact on New Zealand's national identity, with the ANZAC (Australia and New Zealand Army Corps) spirit becoming a key part of the country's mythology.

In the Middle East, the NZEF was part of the successful Sinai and Palestine Campaign, which defeated the Ottoman Empire and secured control of the Suez Canal. On the Western Front, New Zealand troops fought in some of the war's bloodiest battles, including the Somme and Passchendaele. The country's war effort was not limited to the battlefield, with New Zealand also providing significant material support to the Allies, including food and wool.

The war had a profound impact on New Zealand society. Nearly every family was affected, with over 18,000 New Zealanders killed and tens of thousands wounded. The war also led to significant social and political changes, including increased state control of the economy and the introduction of conscription. The memory of the war, and particularly the Gallipoli campaign, continues to shape New Zealand's national identity and is commemorated each year on ANZAC Day.

In conclusion, New Zealand played a significant role in World War I, providing troops and resources to the Allied forces. The war had a profound impact on the country, shaping its society, politics, and national identity.