What was the role of the Indian National Congress in independence?

The Indian National Congress played a pivotal role in India's struggle for independence from British rule.

The Indian National Congress (INC) was established in 1885 and became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement. It was the first organised expression of Indian nationalism on an all-India scale. The INC was instrumental in articulating the demands of the Indian people and presenting them to the British authorities. It served as a platform for political dialogue, allowing Indians from different regions and backgrounds to come together and voice their grievances.

The INC led several mass movements that significantly contributed to the independence struggle. The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942) were all spearheaded by the INC under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. These movements mobilised the masses on an unprecedented scale, creating a nationwide demand for independence and putting immense pressure on the British government.

The INC also played a crucial role in shaping India's future political structure. It demanded a constitution drafted by a constituent assembly of elected Indian representatives, which was eventually realised after independence. The INC's vision of a secular, democratic India was enshrined in the Indian Constitution.

Furthermore, the INC was instrumental in fostering a sense of national unity among the diverse Indian population. It brought together people from different religions, castes, and regions, uniting them under the common goal of independence. The INC's inclusive approach played a significant role in countering the divisive tactics employed by the British.

In conclusion, the Indian National Congress was the driving force behind India's independence movement. Its leadership, mass movements, and vision for a democratic India were key factors in ending British rule and establishing an independent India.