What were the causes of the 1848 Revolution in France?

The 1848 Revolution in France was caused by political discontent, economic hardship, and social inequality.

The political discontent that led to the 1848 Revolution was largely due to the autocratic rule of King Louis Philippe. His reign was marked by a lack of political freedom and widespread corruption. The middle class, or bourgeoisie, were particularly dissatisfied as they were excluded from political power. The working class, on the other hand, were frustrated by the lack of suffrage and the suppression of their political rights. This political discontent was further fuelled by the influence of liberal and socialist ideas, which advocated for greater political freedom and equality.

Economic hardship was another significant cause of the 1848 Revolution. The 1840s were a period of economic crisis in France, characterised by high unemployment rates, low wages, and rising food prices. The industrial revolution had led to the displacement of many workers, who were unable to compete with the new machinery. This economic hardship was particularly felt by the urban working class, who were living in increasingly poor conditions. The economic crisis was exacerbated by the government's fiscal policies, which were seen as favouring the wealthy at the expense of the poor.

Social inequality was also a major factor in the 1848 Revolution. The French society was deeply divided along class lines, with a small elite controlling the majority of the wealth and power. The bourgeoisie were frustrated by their lack of political power, while the working class were struggling to survive in increasingly difficult economic conditions. The social inequality was further exacerbated by the government's policies, which were seen as favouring the wealthy and neglecting the poor.

In conclusion, the 1848 Revolution in France was caused by a combination of political discontent, economic hardship, and social inequality. The autocratic rule of King Louis Philippe, the economic crisis of the 1840s, and the deep social divisions within French society all contributed to the revolutionary fervour that swept the country in 1848.