The Quit India Movement severely disrupted the British administration in India. It led to mass arrests of national leaders and activists, which, instead of quelling the movement, intensified it. The British were forced to deploy military force and enact ordinances that further repressed civil liberties. The widespread civil unrest, sabotage activities, and the British government's harsh response to the movement garnered international attention and criticism, undermining British moral authority and their international image. This loss of control and the consequent need to restore order accelerated the British decision to leave India.

The announcement of the Mountbatten Plan, which outlined the steps for India's independence and the partition of the subcontinent, had immediate and profound effects on the Indian populace. There was a mixture of jubilation over the prospect of freedom and despair over the division of the country on religious lines. The plan triggered one of the largest mass migrations in human history, with Hindus and Sikhs moving to India and Muslims to Pakistan. Communal violence erupted on an unprecedented scale, leading to the loss of life, livelihoods, and a legacy of hostility that would affect Indo-Pak relations for decades. The partition also precipitated the urgent need for establishing governance structures for the newly formed nations.

Subhas Chandra Bose's decision to ally with the Axis powers was met with a mixture of admiration and apprehension among Indians. Many nationalists, frustrated with the slow pace of the Congress's negotiations with Britain, saw Bose's actions as a bold and necessary step to secure independence. However, others were concerned about the moral and ethical implications of siding with regimes that were perceived as aggressive and authoritarian. Bose's collaboration highlighted the ideological divisions within the Indian independence movement and raised questions about the lengths to which freedom fighters should go to achieve their goals. Despite these concerns, Bose remained a revered figure for his unwavering commitment to independence.

The Second World War had a debilitating effect on the Indian economy. The British war efforts drained India's resources, leading to inflation, famine, and widespread economic distress, most notably the Bengal Famine of 1943. These hardships fuelled discontent against British policies, as the colonial regime prioritised war needs over local welfare. Economic mobilisation for the war, including forced recruitment and land requisitions, directly affected the peasantry and urban working classes, bringing them into the fold of the independence movement. This economic disruption, coupled with heightened political awareness, significantly bolstered the support for India's struggle for self-rule.

The Cripps Mission was a turning point in the British-Indian negotiations. Its failure made clear that nothing short of full independence would be acceptable to Indian leaders, and this realisation paved the way for more determined and direct actions, such as the Quit India Movement. It highlighted the urgency of the situation to the British government, showing that India could not be placated with promises of post-war concessions. The mission's outcome also underscored the need for an immediate transfer of power, setting a precedent for future negotiations that ultimately led to the 1947 Indian Independence Act.