What was the impact of the West Bank barrier on the relations between Arabs and Israelis?

The West Bank barrier significantly heightened tensions and deepened divisions between Arabs and Israelis.

The construction of the West Bank barrier, also known as the "separation wall" or "apartheid wall" by Palestinians, has had a profound impact on the relations between Arabs and Israelis. The barrier, which began construction in 2002 by Israel, was purportedly built for security reasons to prevent Palestinian attacks on Israel. However, its construction has been a source of major contention and has significantly heightened tensions between the two groups.

The barrier, which is a mix of fences, ditches, razor wire, groomed sand paths, an electronic monitoring system, patrol roads, and a 8-meter concrete wall, cuts deep into the West Bank, annexing Palestinian land. This has led to widespread protests and international condemnation. Palestinians view the barrier as a land grab, a physical manifestation of Israeli occupation and a tool of social and economic control. It has disrupted lives, separating families, restricting movement, and making access to work, education, healthcare, and basic services difficult for many Palestinians.

For Israelis, the barrier is seen as a necessary measure for their security. The Second Intifada, a period of intensified Israeli-Palestinian violence from 2000 to 2005, led to a significant loss of life and heightened fear among Israelis. The barrier is seen by many as a successful deterrent against suicide bombings and other forms of attacks. However, it has also been criticised within Israel for its impact on Palestinians and for potentially undermining long-term peace prospects by unilaterally defining borders.

The barrier has also had a significant impact on the peace process between Israelis and Palestinians. It has been a major stumbling block in negotiations, with Palestinians demanding its removal as a precondition for talks. The International Court of Justice issued an advisory opinion in 2004 stating that the barrier is illegal and should be dismantled, but Israel has not complied with this ruling.

In conclusion, the West Bank barrier has deepened divisions and increased animosity between Arabs and Israelis. It has exacerbated the humanitarian situation in the West Bank, fuelled resentment among Palestinians, and created a physical and psychological divide that has made the prospect of peace more elusive. While it has provided a sense of security for many Israelis, it has also been a source of international criticism and has complicated efforts to achieve a two-state solution.