Mussolini's economic policies played a significant role in consolidating his power by aiming to create a self-sufficient and unified Italy under Fascist control. He introduced the concept of the Corporate State, where the economy was organised into corporations representing various sectors of the economy. This allowed the regime to exert control over both workers and employers, minimising industrial conflicts and presenting the Fascist regime as a harmonious unifier of class interests. Initiatives like the 'Battle for Grain' were part of Mussolini's broader autarkic policies, aimed at reducing Italy's dependence on foreign imports. These policies, while having mixed economic outcomes, bolstered Mussolini's image as a leader committed to revitalising Italy's economy and national pride, thus strengthening his hold on power.

Mussolini's early political career and ideology significantly influenced his methods of consolidating power. Initially a socialist, Mussolini broke from the party due to its stance on WWI and formed the Fascist movement, blending nationalist, authoritarian, and anti-communist elements. This ideological shift is evident in his consolidation of power. Mussolini's belief in a strong, centralized state guided his manipulation of the political system, while his nationalist views fueled the propaganda that created his cult of personality. His anti-communist stance justified the harsh suppression of political opposition, particularly targeting socialists and communists. Mussolini's early experiences in journalism also informed his understanding of the power of media, which he used effectively to control public opinion and promote Fascist ideology.

International relations played a nuanced role in Mussolini's consolidation of power. Externally, Mussolini aimed to portray Italy as a burgeoning great power, engaging in aggressive diplomacy and military expansion, such as the invasion of Ethiopia in 1935. These actions boosted his popularity domestically by fostering a sense of national pride and revitalisation. Internally, Mussolini used Italy's international position to justify his authoritarian rule, arguing that a strong, unified leadership was necessary to navigate the complex international landscape of the interwar period. The regime's foreign policy successes, at least in the short term, helped to cement Mussolini’s image as a strong leader capable of restoring Italy's prestige on the world stage.

The Organisation for Vigilance and Repression of Anti-Fascism (OVRA), established in 1927, was central to Mussolini's strategy to suppress dissent. Its main objectives were to monitor, arrest, and interrogate individuals suspected of anti-Fascist activities. OVRA operated through an extensive network of informants and spies, infiltrating various segments of society, including opposition groups, universities, and even the clergy. They maintained detailed files on citizens and used tactics such as surveillance, phone tapping, and opening mail to gather information. OVRA’s operations were shrouded in secrecy, and they often acted outside the law, using arbitrary detention and torture to extract information and intimidate opponents. The fear and suspicion OVRA generated were instrumental in suppressing opposition to Mussolini's regime.

Mussolini's relationship with King Victor Emmanuel III was a key factor in his consolidation of power. Initially, the King was a crucial ally who appointed Mussolini as Prime Minister in 1922, following the March on Rome. This royal appointment lent Mussolini a veneer of legitimacy and allowed him to work within the existing political framework. Over time, however, Mussolini's growing power diminished the King's influence. The King's reluctance to oppose Mussolini, particularly during key moments like the passage of the Acerbo Law and the establishment of the Fascist Grand Council, effectively allowed Mussolini to dismantle Italy's democratic institutions without significant royal interference. The King's passive stance stemmed partly from his fear of a Socialist uprising and his belief that Mussolini could restore stability and order.