Under the Corporate State, Mussolini's regime implemented several major legal reforms to exert control over the economy and labour. The most notable was the Labour Charter of 1927, which legally codified the principles of the Corporate State. It established the legal basis for the syndicates and corporations, giving the state the authority to intervene in labour relations. The Charter prohibited strikes and lockouts, ensuring state control over labour disputes. Additionally, laws were passed to control wages and prices, attempting to stabilise the economy. These reforms not only centralised economic control but also suppressed worker autonomy, aligning economic activities with Fascist ideologies.

Mussolini’s Corporate State policies aimed to reduce Italy's reliance on foreign trade and resources by promoting the concept of autarky - economic self-sufficiency. The regime encouraged increased production of essential goods within Italy to reduce imports. The 'Battle for Grain' and similar initiatives were part of this strategy, aiming to produce key commodities domestically. Furthermore, the state sought to diversify Italy’s industrial base to produce more goods internally. However, these policies had limited success. Italy's geographical limitations and lack of certain natural resources made complete self-sufficiency impractical. The focus on autarky also led to economic inefficiencies and a neglect of potentially more profitable sectors.

The Corporate State had a mixed impact on small businesses and entrepreneurs in Italy. On one hand, the state's control and centralisation of the economy often favoured larger corporations and industries, which could more easily align with the state's objectives. This alignment left smaller businesses facing challenges such as limited access to resources and capital, and difficulties in navigating the bureaucratic and regulatory environment imposed by the state. On the other hand, some small businesses benefited from the stability and order the regime provided, as it reduced strikes and labour disputes. However, overall, the emphasis on state control and large-scale industrialisation often constrained the growth and innovation potential of small businesses and entrepreneurs.

The Corporate State played a central role in the Fascist regime's broader ideological and political goals by embodying the principles of Fascism in economic practice. It served as a tool to manifest Mussolini's vision of a strong, unified Italy, where the economy operated under the principles of nationalistic collectivism and authoritarian control. The Corporate State symbolised the merger of state and corporate interests, eliminating class conflict through state-mediated collaboration between workers and employers. This approach was intended to create a stable and productive society, reinforcing the Fascist ideals of national strength and unity. Politically, it provided Mussolini with a means to consolidate power, control the populace, and suppress opposition, further entrenching the Fascist regime.

The Corporate State greatly influenced Italy's agricultural policies, with the 'Battle for Grain' being a prime example. This policy, initiated in 1925, aimed to make Italy self-sufficient in grain production. The state incentivised farmers to increase grain cultivation through subsidies and guaranteed prices, shifting focus away from other crops. While it successfully increased grain production and reduced grain imports, the policy had drawbacks. It led to the neglect of other agricultural sectors and decreased the diversity of agricultural produce. Moreover, it contributed to soil depletion and did not significantly improve the overall agricultural economy in the long term.