Which component of the skeletal muscle fibre is primarily responsible for muscle contraction?

A. Endomysium

B. Perimysium

C. Myofibril

D. Epimysium

What is the primary function of synovial joints in the human body?

A. Providing structural support

B. Facilitating movement

C. Producing red blood cells

D. Storing calcium ions

How do ATP hydrolysis and calcium ions contribute to muscle contractions?

A. By inhibiting actin and myosin interaction

B. By promoting the relaxation of muscle fibres

C. By enabling the cross-bridge cycle and regulating troponin-tropomyosin complex

D. By decreasing the sensitivity of muscle fibres to neural stimuli

Which structure is essential for the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?

A. Sarcomere

B. Sarcoplasmic reticulum

C. T-tubule

D. Mitochondrion

What role do bones play in movement?

A. Providing energy for muscle contraction

B. Acting as levers and providing structural support

C. Producing synovial fluid for joint lubrication

D. Regulating the contraction of muscle fibres

a) Discuss the role of bones in movement and how they interact with skeletal muscle fibres. [3]

b) Explain the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction involving actin and myosin. [4]

a) Describe the function of synovial joints and how they facilitate movement. [3]

b) Discuss the role of ATP hydrolysis, calcium ions, and proteins in muscle contractions. [4]

a) Discuss the structure of skeletal muscle fibres and how this structure is adapted for contraction. [4]

b) Explain the role of myofibrils and sarcomeres in muscle contraction. [3]

a) Explain the concept of the sliding filament theory and how it contributes to muscle contraction. [3]

b) Discuss the role of calcium ions in the sliding filament theory. [2]

c) How does ATP hydrolysis facilitate the detachment of myosin heads from actin filaments during muscle contraction? [3]

a) Describe the function and structure of synovial joints. [3]

b) How do bones and skeletal muscle fibres interact to facilitate movement? [3]

c) Discuss the significance of exoskeletons in the movement of arthropods. [2]

How does the structure of skeletal muscle fibres contribute to their function in movement?

A. By storing calcium ions for bone mineralisation

B. By providing insulation and preventing heat loss

C. By containing myofibrils and sarcomeres for muscle contraction

D. By producing red blood cells for oxygen transport

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of exoskeletons in movement?

A. They are internal structures providing support.

B. They facilitate movement through hydraulic mechanisms.

C. They are composed of bone tissue.

D. They are found exclusively in mammals.

What is the role of proteins such as troponin and tropomyosin in muscle contractions?

A. Inhibiting the release of calcium ions

B. Regulating the interaction between actin and myosin

C. Promoting the hydrolysis of ATP

D. Decreasing the sensitivity of muscle fibres to stimuli

How do sarcomeres contribute to the contraction of skeletal muscles?

A. By producing ATP for energy

B. By shortening and generating tension

C. By releasing calcium ions into the sarcoplasm

D. By acting as a reservoir for synovial fluid

Which of the following statements about the sliding filament theory is correct?

A. It involves the lengthening of actin and myosin filaments.

B. It requires the absence of calcium ions.

C. It describes the mechanism of muscle contraction at the molecular level.

D. It is not applicable to skeletal muscles.

a) Explain the role of myofibrils and sarcomeres in muscle contraction. [3]

b) How does the structure of skeletal muscle fibres contribute to their function in movement? [4]

c) Discuss the role of ATP hydrolysis and calcium ions in muscle contractions. [3]

a) Discuss the difference between bones and exoskeletons in their role in movement. [3]

b) Explain how synovial joints facilitate smooth movement between bones. [2]

c) Describe the role of proteins in muscle contractions and how they interact with actin and myosin. [3]

a) Discuss the role of bones in facilitating movement in vertebrates. [3]

b) How do exoskeletons in arthropods differ in function and structure from bones in vertebrates? [3]

c) Explain the sliding filament theory and its significance in muscle contraction. [4]

d) Describe the role of calcium ions and ATP in the sliding filament theory. [2]

a) Describe the structure and function of synovial joints in the human body. [3]

b) How does the structure of skeletal muscle fibres contribute to their function? [3]

c) Discuss the role of myofibrils and sarcomeres in the contraction of skeletal muscle fibres. [3]

d) Explain the importance of ATP hydrolysis and calcium ions in muscle contractions. [3]

a) Explain the differences between the roles of bones and exoskeletons in movement. [3]

b) Discuss the significance of synovial joints in facilitating movement in vertebrates. [2]

c) Describe the sliding filament theory and identify the key proteins involved in muscle contraction. [4]

d) How do ATP hydrolysis and calcium ions regulate the interaction between actin and myosin during muscle contraction? [3]