Which functional group is primarily responsible for the acidic properties of carboxylic acids?

A. Hydroxyl

B. Carbonyl

C. Carboxyl

D. Amino

Which of the following compounds would be named using the IUPAC naming convention as 2-methylpropan-1-ol?

A. CH₃-CH(OH)-CH₃

B. CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-OH

C. CH₃-CH(CH₃)-CH₂-OH

D. CH₃-C(CH₃)(OH)-CH₃

Which of the following functional groups is commonly found in amino acids?

A. Ester

B. Ether

C. Amino

D. Alkene

In the IUPAC naming convention, how is the position of a functional group indicated in a compound with multiple functional groups?

A. By using Greek letters

B. By using the functional group's name as a prefix

C. By using numbers to indicate the carbon atom to which it is attached

D. By using capital letters

Which of the following compounds is an aldehyde?

A. CH₃-COOH

B. CH₃-OH

C. CH₃-CHO

D. CH₃-CO-CH₃

a) Define the term "functional group" in the context of organic chemistry. [2]

b) Explain the significance of functional groups in predicting the properties and reactivity of organic compounds. [3]

a) List four common functional groups and provide a brief description for each. [4]

b) Why is the systematic naming, using IUPAC conventions, important in organic chemistry? [3]

a) Describe the difference between primary, secondary, and tertiary classifications in the context of organic compounds. [3]

b) Given the compound name "2-methylpropan-1-ol", identify the functional group present and classify it as primary, secondary, or tertiary. [2]

a) What is the role of functional groups in determining the physical and chemical properties of organic compounds? [2]

b) Identify the functional group present in ethanoic acid and describe its properties. [3]

c) How does the presence of multiple functional groups in a compound affect its reactivity? [2]

a) Why is the IUPAC naming system important in organic chemistry? [2]

b) Name the compound with the molecular formula C4H8O2 that contains both a carbonyl and a hydroxyl functional group. [3]

c) Explain the significance of the position of functional groups in determining the name of an organic compound. [2]

What is the significance of systematic naming in organic chemistry?

A. It provides a way to predict the reactivity of a compound.

B. It allows for the easy classification of compounds based on their functional groups.

C. It ensures that each compound has a unique and universally accepted name.

D. It indicates the physical properties of the compound.

Which functional group is characterised by a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom?

A. Hydroxyl

B. Carbonyl

C. Carboxyl

D. Amino

In organic chemistry, what does the term 'functional group' refer to?

A. A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a particular compound.

B. A group of compounds with similar physical properties.

C. The main chain of carbon atoms in a compound.

D. A group of atoms that determine the phase of the compound.

Which of the following compounds would have the highest boiling point due to hydrogen bonding?

A. CH₃-CH₂-CH₃

B. CH₃-O-CH₃

C. CH₃-CHO

D. CH₃-CH₂-OH

What is the primary importance of classifying organic compounds?

A. To determine their colour and odour.

B. To predict their solubility in water.

C. To determine their reactivity and properties.

D. To identify their source of origin.

a) Describe the difference between aldehydes and ketones in terms of their functional groups. [3]

b) Given the IUPAC name "3-methylbutan-2-one", identify the type of compound and its functional group. [2]

c) How do the properties of aldehydes differ from those of ketones? [3]

a) What are isomers, and how do they relate to organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures? [3]

b) Provide an example of an organic compound that has structural isomers. [2]

c) Explain why isomers have different chemical properties despite having the same molecular formula. [3]

a) Define the term "isomerism" in organic chemistry. [2]

b) Given the molecular formula C5H12, list two possible structural isomers. [3]

c) Explain the concept of functional group isomerism with an example. [3]

d) Why do isomers exhibit different physical and chemical properties despite having the same molecular formula? [4]

a) Describe the importance of IUPAC naming conventions in ensuring clarity in organic chemistry. [3]

b) Name the compound with the molecular formula C6H12O2 that contains a carboxyl and a methyl functional group. [3]

c) How does the position of a functional group in a compound influence its reactivity? [3]

d) Why is systematic naming crucial when dealing with compounds that have multiple functional groups? [3]

a) What distinguishes primary, secondary, and tertiary carbocations in terms of their structure? [3]

b) Explain the concept of resonance in organic chemistry and its significance. [3]

c) Given the compound name "4-aminobutanoic acid", identify the functional groups present. [2]

d) How do the properties of amines differ from those of carboxylic acids? [4]