What is the primary function of the myelin sheath in neurons?

A. Insulation of the axon

B. Generation of action potentials

C. Transmission of neurotransmitters

D. Reception of sensory stimuli

Which of the following ions is actively pumped out of the neuron to maintain the resting membrane potential?

A. Calcium

B. Chloride

C. Sodium

D. Potassium

What is the role of neurotransmitters at the synapse?

A. Insulate the axon

B. Facilitate electrical conduction

C. Transmit signals between neurons

D. Generate resting potential

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for integrating sensory information and coordinating voluntary and involuntary responses?

A. Peripheral Nervous System

B. Central Nervous System

C. Somatic Nervous System

D. Autonomic Nervous System

During an action potential, the rapid influx of which ion causes depolarisation of the neuron?

A. Calcium

B. Chloride

C. Sodium

D. Potassium

a) Describe the structure and function of a synapse in the nervous system. [3]

b) Explain how neurotransmitters play a role in transmitting nerve impulses across a synapse. [2]

a) Discuss the role of myelination and saltatory conduction in the transmission of nerve impulses. [3]

b) How do sensory and motor neurons differ in structure and function? [2]

a) Explain the generation of a resting potential in neurons and its importance. [3]

b) Discuss the process of depolarisation and repolarisation during an action potential. [2]

a) Outline the main components of the central and peripheral nervous systems and their functions. [3]

b) How do the roles of sensory and motor neurons differ in the nervous system? [2]

c) Explain the significance of neurotransmitters in the functioning of the nervous system. [3]

a) Describe the process of myelination and explain how it affects the speed of nerve impulse transmission. [3]

b) Discuss the concept of saltatory conduction and its significance in the nervous system. [3]

c) How does the structure of a neuron facilitate the propagation of action potentials? [2]

What is the primary function of motor neurons?

A. Transmit signals from sensory receptors to the CNS

B. Transmit signals from the CNS to muscles or glands

C. Integrate sensory and motor signals in the CNS

D. Regulate the activity of other neurons

Which type of conduction allows action potentials to jump between nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons?

A. Continuous conduction

B. Saltatory conduction

C. Passive conduction

D. Active conduction

Which of the following is a characteristic of the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

A. The inside of the cell is more positive than the outside

B. Sodium ions are more concentrated inside the cell

C. The inside of the cell is more negative than the outside

D. Potassium ions are more concentrated outside the cell

What is the role of sensory neurons in the nervous system?

A. Transmit signals to muscles and glands

B. Transmit signals from sensory receptors to the CNS

C. Integrate sensory and motor signals

D. Regulate the activity of interneurons

Which of the following neurotransmitters is primarily involved in inhibitory synaptic transmission?

A. Acetylcholine

B. Dopamine

C. Glutamate

D. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

a) Explain how a resting potential is generated in neurons and why it is essential. [3]

b) Describe the events that occur during the depolarisation and repolarisation of a neuron. [3]

c) Discuss the role of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining the resting potential. [2]

a) Discuss the structure and function of synapses in the nervous system. [3]

b) How do neurotransmitters facilitate the transmission of impulses across synapses? [3]

c) Explain the impact of neurotransmitter imbalances on human health. [2]

a) Describe the structure and function of sensory and motor neurons in the nervous system. [3]

b) Explain the process of depolarisation and repolarisation in neurons during an action potential. [3]

c) Discuss the role of myelination and saltatory conduction in nerve impulse transmission. [3]

d) How do neurotransmitter imbalances affect human health? Provide examples. [3]

a) Outline the main components and functions of the central and peripheral nervous systems. [3]

b) How does the structure of a synapse facilitate the transmission of nerve impulses? [3]

c) Explain the significance of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining the resting potential of neurons. [3]

d) Discuss the impact of myelination on the speed of nerve impulse transmission and its relevance in the nervous system. [3]

a) Discuss the principles of resting potential and its importance in neurons. [3]

b) How do local currents contribute to the propagation of nerve impulses along axons? [3]

c) Explain the role of neurotransmitters in transmitting nerve impulses across synapses. [3]

d) What are the consequences of neurotransmitter imbalances, and how do they manifest in human health? [3]